Style and construction requirements of broiler houses

一、General construction requirements for new broiler houses

1. General requirements for chicken house construction

1. Meet the needs of broiler breeding and create optimal environmental conditions for the growth, development, and reproduction of chickens.
2. It supports intensive management and improves economic efficiency.
3. Allow room for technological transformation to enable expanded reproduction.
4. Meet the overall layout requirements of the poultry farm.
5.  Only when the basic conditions for broiler growth are met can we consider reducing investment in chicken houses.

2. Other issues that need to be considered during construction.

1. Determine the type of chicken house based on the natural conditions of the area and the method and number of chickens raised. When deciding on the style and structure, visit nearby chicken farms and consult industry experts to avoid the mistakes others have made, ensuring the construction of a well-designed chicken house.
2. The ventilation system is related to the survival rate and income of broiler breeding. So the secret to raising broilers well is to do a good job of ventilation. In the later stage of broiler breeding, the main means of controlling the indoor environment is ventilation, and the characteristics of broiler ground flat breeding must also be taken into account. Whether natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation is adopted, the entire ground must maintain a uniform airflow at a certain speed. Mechanical longitudinal ventilation is a more advanced method. When using natural ventilation, a covered skylight with a diameter of 50 cm can be set at the top of the room to discharge the top exhaust gas. In addition to general windows, each room needs to have a floor window with a height of 50 cm and a width of about 70 cm close to the ground in front and behind to facilitate ventilation of the ground broiler space.
3. Good thermal insulation is essential. Broiler production is primarily a brooding process, which requires a relatively high and stable temperature. During the later growth period, to improve feed utilization, the house temperature should be maintained around 20°C. Broilers older than 40 days are less tolerant of high temperatures, and the heat in summer can negatively affect their growth, leading to heat stroke and death. When constructing the house, insulation capacity should be prioritized, especially with regard to the roof structure, and efforts must be made to minimize solar radiation heat during the summer.
4. The construction of the chicken house should meet hygiene standards. The inner walls should be coated with cement, ensuring the surface is smooth and flat. The walls must be durable, resistant to wear, and free of toxic or harmful substances. The ceiling should be made of plastic panels, allowing for thorough cleaning and disinfection after all the chickens are moved out to prevent the spread of diseases.
5. The chicken house should be solid, sturdy, and secure. The floor and foundation should ideally be made of concrete to prevent rats from digging under the structure and to stop chickens from pecking at the ground. The foundation should be at least 25 cm above the natural ground, and the house should have a slope of 2% to 3%. Measures should be taken to prevent rats, birds, and other animals from entering. All openings in the chicken house should be sealed with wire mesh featuring a hole diameter of 2.0 cm. The design and construction of the chicken house should eliminate any potential entry points for birds or wild animals.
6. Permanent chicken houses should have cement floors, and if caged chickens are used, the installation of mechanical manure removal systems should be planned in advance.
7. The span of the chicken house should ideally be between 9 and 12 meters. The length can be determined based on the number of chickens, but the maximum length of each chicken house should not exceed 150 meters.

二、Types of closed broiler houses

There are several types of broiler chicken houses:

1. Semi-open chicken houses

Relying on natural ventilation through the free flow of air. This type of chicken house is suitable for areas with warm climates, where there are no extreme high temperatures in the summer and low relative humidity. It is a common type of housing used in commercial broiler farms.

The upper half of the north and south walls of the chicken house consists of open windows, while the lower half is made of a brick-concrete structure. The roof is typically made of color steel plates, but it can also be a reinforced concrete structure with a waterproof covering. The roof may be ridged or arched, with equally spaced exhaust holes. These exhaust holes are square, measuring 1.2 meters by 1.2 meters, and are equipped with rotatable flaps to adjust airflow inside the house. The span of the chicken house is usually between 9 and 12 meters, with a height from the ground to the eaves ranging from 3 to 3.5 meters. Each room is 3 meters wide, and the length of the chicken house generally exceeds 50 meters.

Open chicken houses are mainly ventilated by natural ventilation and transverse ventilation. Due to the large span, several exhaust fans are usually installed on the north and south walls of the chicken house, and axial fans are installed at both ends of the house. The number of fans should be calculated in detail according to the number of chickens raised in the chicken house, so that natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation can be coordinated. Natural lighting and artificial supplementary lighting are used.

Advantages: relatively small investment, saving infrastructure investment and electricity expenses during breeding, relatively simple and easy construction;

Disadvantages: difficult to manage. Affected by changes in environmental conditions, it is difficult to prevent heatstroke and cool down, and it is difficult to prevent epidemics.

2. Closed chicken house

It is fully enclosed without windows, and the microclimate inside the chicken house is adjusted and controlled by artificial systems. This type of housing is suitable for broiler farms with strong financial resources, a high degree of mechanization, large scale, and robust technical expertise.

All structures are made of reinforced concrete, with color steel plate roofs and 37 cm thick walls, all plastered with cement. The span of the chicken house is typically between 9 and 12 meters, with a height from the ground to the eaves of 3 meters. If double-layer flat chickens are used, the height should be increased accordingly. The length of the chicken house generally exceeds 80 meters.

Advantages: easy to manage. The chicken house is isolated from the outside world, and the environment inside the house is stable, which can effectively prevent the invasion of pathogens, which is conducive to the health of chickens and the development of excellent growth characteristics;

The stocking density is high, which improves the utilization rate of the chicken house and improves production efficiency.

Disadvantages: large investment, high requirements for feeding management, and high requirements for power supply.

FAQ

1.How to choose broiler breeding equipment?

2.Advantages of cage equipment

3.How much does it cost to raise 20,000 broilers？

RETECH has project design experience in more than 60 countries all over the world, focusing on automatic layer, broiler and pullet raising equipment manufacture, research and development. Contact us to get a broiler breeding project plan and quotation.

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